Muscle fatigue -
muscular Fatyjo
Use
the word fatigue fatigue in several sciences, including medical science and
minerals (which fails to handle the pressure of metal), and Psychology (and is
the natural defensive reaction of the membership in order to maintain
them).
Muscular fatigue muscular
fatigueIs
a state of exhaustion that follows pursuant stressful sports or exercise
heavily, and raises the desire to rest and stop working. As can
be the case back to satisfactory reasons.
Skeletal
muscles account for about 40% of body weight, which is responsible for the
various physical events (physical) carried out by an individual, a planned
voluntary muscles. Activated
these muscles mediated motor nerve fibers of the alpha a pattern supplied by
them.
Consists
skeletal muscle of a group of packages of muscle fibers, and include all package
of muscle fibers, and each composed muscle fiber of several hundred small units
called interfibrillar which include strings protein in the process of
contraction are clues Almiosen (Aladilan) myosine and actin
actin.
Inotropic
mechanism
Inotropic
according to the following stages:
1
Atfl motor nerve المعصب muscle under the influence usually will, and activation
spreads along the nerve until the end supplied the muscle
fibers.
2
secrete ends this material nerve chemical acetylcholine [t] which is a
neurotransmitter.
3
linked molecules of acetylcholine on specific placements of membrane muscle
fiber called receptors receptors, which leads to a result changes in the
permeability of the membrane for ions ions resulting in changes in the polar
membrane muscle fiber called hard act action potential, spreading action
potential along the membrane muscle fiber, and
also to the depth of the fiber to cause liberation of calcium ions from the
network muscle Alhjulih, Vidhaaf so the concentration of these ions in the
sarcoplasmic.
Figure
(2) muscular Allyev in state of relaxation (a), in the case of contraction (b).
Notes
overlapping actin filaments (high horizontal) between threads Almiosen
(relatively broad and horizontal container on short vertical lines), and noted
the short distance between two successive linear Z in the case of contraction
compared with the state of relaxation (resting state).
4
linked to calcium ions at specific positions in the actin filaments, Vtaatfl
process of attracting the actin filaments between strings Almiosen Vtaatqasr so
Myofibrellar, Valliv, then the whole muscle, This Altqasr requires (shrinking)
energy received from the hydrolysis triphosphatase ATP
5
back calcium ions to the network Alhjulih muscle after a stop activating muscle,
requires exchange amount of energy are also of hydrolysis triphosphatase, also
dating polar membrane muscle fiber to a pre-activation goes back along the
muscle fiber to normal any to state of relaxation .
Energy sources in
skeletal muscle
Both
contraction and relaxation Aledliyn are Msthlktan processes of energy, given
that energy from several sources:
1 Alvesvajan: which
includes:
Triphosphatase
ATP which is the main source of energy in the muscle, which produces energy from
Helmhth liberation and an adenosine diphosphate ADP. Stock
can muscle triphosphatase to provide the muscle power for three seconds during
the exercise gravis when adult.
Alvesvuken:
who abandons his energy to reshape triphosphatase from adenosine diphosphate,
and content can muscle Alvesvuken that meets the needs of the muscles of the
energy for about six seconds during the implementation of severe muscular
exercise.
2
anaerobic oxidation of glycogen: an estimated content of skeletal muscle
glycogen at an average of 300 grams. These
muscles to get the necessary energy to shrink and relax Aledliyn of glycogen
without oxygen consumption, which is called oxidation anaerobic glycogen, a
mechanism quick but yielding weak, and this mechanism can meet the needs of
skeletal muscles for one minute during exercise gravis, but quickly stop
as a result of the accumulation of metabolites resulting in a muscle lactic acid
(lactic acid) Lactic acid.
3
aerobic oxidation of glycogen and fatty acids: extend this mechanism muscle
power for a long period of time, which requires oxygen, and they have a high
payoff compared with the anaerobic oxidation of glycogen (generator dextrose).
Stock
can muscle glycogen that meets the requirements of the skeletal muscles of power
for four or five hours of exercise gravis and longevity, and ensure fat stores
in the body to meet the needs of the body of energy needed for contraction and
relax Aledliyn several weeks
Figure
(3) the relative importance of anaerobic and aerobic oxidation of glycogen in
the energy supply needed for athletic race depending on the distance of the
race. Notes
from the shape that anaerobic oxidation responsible for providing most of the
energy needed for short distances (1500 meters), and the importance of aerobic
oxidation of glycogen in the power supply shall ensure the longer race
distances.
Vary
the importance of energy sources mentioned above depending on the severity of
exercise muscular practitioner and duration, in exercises fast that do not
normally takes only a few seconds (Jerry 100 meters, jumped, lifting weights,
diving) is here Alvesvajan power source president, while the post oxidation
anaerobic glycogen in supply muscle
power necessary for its mission in muscle exercises that you need about one
minute. In
exercises muscle which takes more time Vtkon post oxidation air of glycogen in
the supply of energy for muscles indispensable, and can then run out of stock of
muscle glycogen to rely muscles in order to get energy to oxidize fatty acids in
order to continue its activity, also constitute a mechanism main source
in
access to energy during exercise muscular mild or moderate intensity.
Can,
in exceptional cases to resort muscles in order to get power to the oxidation of
proteins and muscle after running out of energy sources any previous glycogen
and fatty acids.
Noteworthy
that Alvesvajan is primarily responsible for the energy supply necessary for
very short-distance race (less than 400 meters).
Physiological
mechanisms responsible for the phenomenon of fatigue and change the
constants:
Confirmed
the role of mechanisms physiological (functional) in a case of fatigue when
exercising work overwrought or exercise muscle exhausted, and in principle can
be any defect that occurs to the mechanisms inotropic from the moment of
activation nerve المعصب muscle until the moment of sliding actin filaments
between strings Almiosen (a Altqasr muscle)
that causes a deficiency or a deficit in the functionality of the skeletal
muscles, but the most important physiological mechanisms responsible for the
phenomenon of fatigue are:
Accumulation
of lactic acid as a result of oxidation anaerobic glycogen during exercise
extreme, reduces this acid pH pH sarcoplasmic and discourage thus enzymes
responsible for glycolysis glycolysis, and must in this case of ridding the body
of this acid and be converting in the level of the liver to pyruvate and then to
Glucose
can be attributed to the muscles involved in building muscle glycogen.
The
body needs to get rid of the accumulated lactic acid to a period of time ranging
from minutes to hours depending on the severity of muscular effort practitioner.
Contribute
acidosis acidosis resulting from low blood pH pH at the level of the brain in a
feeling of fatigue.
Stock-outs
muscle of glycogen: a glycogen source energy-president in the muscles, and lead
depletion to the lack of a mechanism inotropic, and usually required for
restoration stock muscle of glycogen after exercise muscular severe for about
almost two days, knowing that together sugar in the blood fall also impact
exercise strained.
Respiratory
failure and respiratory failure to meet the needs of the growing body of oxygen
during exercise or effort gravis, may be particularly at people is a major cause
of limiting trainees from the continuation of this exercise.
High
internal body temperature to 40 or a little more under the influence of big
muscular effort practitioner, especially in a hot and humid environment
inevitably limit the continuity of this effort.
Water
loss Jasmi physical and salts by sweating during the implementation of a large
muscular effort, especially in the hot and humid environment has a certain role
in reducing the efficiency of muscle and speed up the emergence of muscular
fatigue.
All
of these factors lead to prevent the continuity of effort and muscular
appearance of fatigue. Can
on the other hand to show sensations muscle pain after several hours or several
days of fatigue is unusual for muscle or group of muscles as a result of many
factors sore aponeurosis muscular aponeurositis, or injury muscle fibers Boveat
result of this effort, it can in some cases be associated with a المعص
(cramping) muscle cramp as a result of fatigue or poor training, or to show more
severe cases muscular Kaltmzk.
Measures
in the treatment of muscular fatigue phenomenon
Can
delay the onset of fatigue following a few guidelines that summarize,
to:
1
eating sugary foods several days before the implementation of the exercise
gravis, which increases the efficiency of muscle by increasing inventory of
muscular glycogen.
2
Avoid sugary foods in the three hours preceding the exercise gravis because the
insulin secreted under the influence of these foods, reduces the arrival of
fatty acids into the blood and therefore to the muscles.
3
eating sugary solutions Kmhaleil glucose or fructose concentration of 2 to 2.5%
just before the start of exercise gravis, as fluids can be dealt with in the
course of long-lasting muscle exercises as cycling race.
4
not to exercise any major sporting effort when you go to a hot and humid
environment only after two weeks, having completed the body cope with this
environment to increase secretion of the hormone aldosterone, which reduces
sweating in these circles.
5
non-exercise muscular effort among not well ventilated.
6
quitting because of this role in accelerating the emergence of muscular
fatigue.
7
regular training and gradual intensity that improves sufficiently muscle as a
result of the increasing number of myofibrils and increased content Alvesvajan
and glycogen and fatty acids and enzymes responsible for the form of
energy.
With
regard to the measures adopted to address the phenomenon of fatigue can be
summarized, to:
Not
to exercise any additional severe muscular effort because it delays the demise
of the phenomenon of fatigue.
Heating
tired muscles improves muscle ischemia, thus facilitating clearance of the
accumulated lactic acid, and restoration of its stockpile
energy.
Compensation
body of mineral salts lost by eating fruit juice.
Sugar
consumption in relatively large quantities (If there is no satisfactory reason
why so) for the restoration of muscle glycogen from
inventory.
Fatigue patients
Fatigue
may be the result of satisfactory reasons, including:
1
myasthenia gravis myasthenia gravis, which result from deficiencies in transport
activation of the motor nerve to muscle supplied by the result of a defect in
the acetylcholine receptors in the muscle fiber membrane
level.
2
Addison's disease Addison disease, which is associated with deficiencies in the
secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone cortisol, which results from a defect
in the organization together sugar in the blood, and in the stock hepatic of
glycogen, and this is reflected negatively on the functionality of the muscles,
and affects what appears in a case of fatigue when the disease.
3
enzymatic deficiency congenital congenital certain enzymes responsible for the
development of the sugar in the body Kalvesfovr Ctouknz which cause not to bear
a child with severe muscle exercises relatively.
4
Oz enzyme Fosforalaz glycogen in skeletal muscle: He is responsible for glycogen
grapes in order to get power then either by oxidation aerobic or anaerobic and
cause deficiency of this enzyme to poor carrying patients to exercise even
moderate them despite the availability of glycogen in their muscles
structural.
